rif; vrf;aysmufaewmvm;
[ifhtif;
uGsefr&Sifhudkapmifhaewmyg ya&mfzufqm
rif;u ighausmif;olawGxJuvm;
uGsefrukdrrSwfrdbl;vm;
tif;..
vlawGu trsm;MuD;av
NyD;awmh igh&kH;csdefawGu t*FgeJYMumoyaw; reufawGyg
[kwfvm; uGsefru tckawGYvkdYrsm;&rvm;vkdY
rif;u csdKcsdKomomawmif;qkdrSawmh..vmav
tawmfacsmwJhykHyJ
tJh'gu MumygNyD
rif;ukdig tckbmvkyfay;&rvJ
tefuGrfbD pmwrf;taNctaeb,fvkdvJ
ya&mfzufqm
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uGsefru &Sifhausmif;olawGxJuwpfa,muf r[kwfygbl;
[kwfvm; 'gNzifh rif;bmvmvkyfaewmvJ
uGsefr NyefwmyJaumif;ygw,f
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rif; b,fvkdcHpm;ae&vJ igoabmaygufw,f tJh'g obm0ygyJ
rif;u i,fw,f rsufvkH;us,fus,fav;eJY
iguvJ 'Dae&mrSm emrnfausmfqkdawmh
wpfrsdK;rxifygeJY..rif;uodyfvSvkdYyg..
rif;ukd tcGifhta&;,lvkduf&if b,faumif;yghrvJ
igu..
rif;ukd t&rf;wefzkd;xm;vkdYyg..
bk&m;a&
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[ifhtif; r&bl;
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taNctaeb,fvkdvJ rif;odwmyJ
aES;w,f
b,fvkdqkd&if ykdvG,foGm;rvJodvm;
ighuGefysLwm&Sdae&ifaygh
tJh'g ydwfay;vkdY&rvm;
tif; &r,fav
rif; odvm;
igwkdYwpfae&m&m cPoGm;Mu&ifaumif;r,f
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cufwmu ighum;uysufaew,fav
igaNymNyD;NyD tJh'gigeJY..
- abmfbD - aumifav;awG
tapmMuD;xyfawGY&wm 0rf;omp&myJ
tif; vmvnfwm aus;Zl;yg
0ifcJhav
a&mufvmwmeJYtawmfyJ
rif;wkdY ighudkzkef;qufwkef;u aNymwJhudpöaNymygOD;
'guGsefawmfwkdYvuf&SdvkdufaewJh trIyg
cifAsm;,kHyhgrvm; raocsmvkdY
igtrsm;MuD;,kHEkdifygw,f
tif; tif; uGsefawmfodygw,f
uGsefawmfwkdYwpfcgrSrNrifzl;wJh [mrsdK;
eD;awmifreD;pyfbl;
uGsefawmfwkdYtaeeJY tNrifopfeJYNrifr,fhol vkdr,fxifvkdY
rif;wkdYtpu paNymMuygvm;
tif; aumif;NyDav
'Dawmh..
uGsefawmfwkdY aopm&if;awG&Smaewkef;rSmawGYwm
ya&mfzufqmwpfa,mufu av;xyf NyLwif;aygufu ckefcsoGm;w,f
tJh'D taqmifrSmu o&JaNcmufw,fvkdY ausmif;0if;xJrSm emrnf&Sdw,f
'Dawmh uGsefawmfwkdYu e,fcHowif;axmufawGukdar;w,f
uGsefawmfwkdYESpfa,mufvkH; olYqDu vlYusifh0wfeJYodu©moifcef;pm,lxm;wm
'gqkd olbmvkdY'Dvkdvkyf&wmvJ
b,folodrvJ olYtaNctaeuwnfNidrfw,f rdef;reJY uav;awGeJY
olYpmtkyfuvJ emrnfMuD;yJ
'gayr,fh 'gukd,fhukd,fukdowfaowmvkdY b,foluaNymvkdYvJ
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wpfNcm;b,folNzpfEkdifrvJ
&SifvJ ua&mzkdYtaqmiftaMumif;odrSmaygh
[ihftif; rodygbl;
tykdawGyg tvum;,kHwrf;pum;awG
[,fomhtaru 'Dausmif;rSmaecJhzl;w,f
tJh'Daumifrav;ukd olodw,f
aeygOD; b,faumifrav;vJ
vGefcJhwJh ESpfokH;q,favmufu
tJh'Daumifrav;wpfa,mufu ya&mfzufqmeJY Zmwfvrf;oGm;Nzpfw,f
[kduNzwfvkdufawmh
NyLwif;aygufu ckefcsNyD;ukd,fhukd,fukdowfaooGm;w,f
rif; olYemrnfukdodvm;
[ihftif;
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odw,frvm; ukd;ukdaNymif;NyefvSefvkduf&if..
tck olu taqmifrSmo&JNzpfaew,f
'Dawmh olYukdNrifvkdufwJholrSeforQ
touf&SifcGifhr&wJhtwGuf NyefraNymEkdifawmhbl;
wu,fvkdY tJh'DZmwfvrf;ukdNyefaNymEkdifwJholawG b,folrS toufr&Sifbl;qkd&if
tck Zmwfvrf;u b,fuxGufvmwmvJ
wdwfprf; um;wpfpf
aus;Zl;yJ cGifhNyKygOD;
'if;ef
- rif;bmvkyfwmvJ bmawGaomufaewmvJ
raNymwwfbl;
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igwkdYya&mfzufqm &kH;cef;ukdoGm;Munfh&ifaumif;r,f
[ifhtif; tckr&ao;bl;av
igcsdwfxm;wm tvef;av;wpfa,muf&Sdw,f
olYukdac:ygOD;
igrif;ukd rdwfqufay;r,folu..
pwmvm pwmvmyg..
'gu uGsefawmfhwGJzuftmumo,mOfrSL; ar*smwGrfyg
- ar*smwGrf - pwmvm
aqm&D; uGsefrNyefrtefatmifxdef;aewm
tif;..awmfw,f
owif;aumif;&Sdw,f
olYrSm nDr&Sdw,fwJh..
aeygOD; aeygOD;
aeprf;ygOD;
rif;aNymcJhwJhtwkdif;NzpfcJhwm r[kwfygbl;
r[kwfbl;vm;
rif; ygy,femy,fraomufcJhbl;vm;
tif; tJh'gawmh[kwfw,f
igzefxm;wJh tvef;av;qkdwmrsdK;awG igraNymygbl;..
olYemrnfuvJ pwmvmr[kwfbl;
'gqkdbmvJ
rodbl;av 'gayr,fh tawmf tqifhtwef;&SdwJhaumifrav;yg
olu bGJY&NyD;om; rEkóaA'eJYa&S;&kd;pOfvm
uGsefawmfwkdY..e,fxJu wapäykHNyifawGaNymMuw,f
'gu..
wkdYESpfa,muftwGuf
bk&m;a&..&Sifu odyfqGJaqmifrI&SdwmyJ
aus;Zl; tcktJh'DtwGuftcsdefr&ao;vkdYyg
rif;taeeJY tJh'D,kHwrf;ykHNyiftaMumif; aNymrSNzpfr,f
aus;Zl;NyKNyD;..vlawGtEÅ&m,f&SdaeNyD
aqm&D; uGsefr..tm&kHpkpnf;vkdYr&bl;..
aumif;uifMuD;udk
pkdufMunfhae&ovkdyJ
'if;ef rif;ubmvkyfaewmvJ
qrf..aus;Zl;NyKNyD;
pdwfr&Sdbl;qkd&if ig;rdepfavmuftcsdefay;yg
'if;ef 'DpkHprf;rIu odyfta&;MuD;w,faemf
rif;&JU bmnmm bmnmawGukdem;axmifzkdYtcsdefr&Sdbl;
tif;
tJh'Dtwkdif;wu,fNzpfcJhwm
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ightwGufawmh rif;toHu tJh'DvkdrsdK;yJ
rif;wkdYESpfa,muf bmawGNzpfaeMuwmvJ
bmrSrNzpfbl; bmrSrNzpfbl;
tckrif;wkdYu tbkd;MuD;tbGm;MuD;vifr,m;vkd atmf[pfaeMuwmyJ
tif; tJh'DpkHwGJurS uGmvkdY&OD;r,f
oleJYuGsefawmfu xkdif;trTmvkdyJ
tJh'gukd,fcsif;quftrTmvkdYac:w,f 'if;ef - awGYvm;
'DrSm..
uGsefawmfwkdY c&D;xGufwmMumaeNyDqkdawmh..
aiGusyfaevkdYyg
rpkd;&DrfygeJY..
tkdau
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'Dawmh tcif;Nzpfae&mukd uGsefawmfwkdY oGm;Munfhw,f
cifAsm; 'DrSmtvkyfvkyfwm b,favmufMumNyDvJ
uGsefawmf Murf;wkdufvmwm aNcmufESpfausmfygNyD
'DrSmaemf
tJh'gu bmtwGufvJ
eH&HawGxJu 0kdif,mawG&SmzkdYyg
atmf
cifAsm;wkdY bmvkdY'D&kH;cef;udl0g,mqifcsif&wmvJ
ya&mfzufqmtwGufawmh bmrSxl;awmhrSmr[kwfbl;
bmvkdYrsm;vJ..
olaoNyDav
b,fvkdNzpfwmvJ
tJh'DNyLwif;aygufu tNyifxGufoGm;wmyJ
[kwfvm; tJh'DnucifAsm;tvkyfvkyfaevm;
olYtavmif;ukd uGsefawmfyJ&SmawGYcJhwmav
NzpfcJhwJhtNzpftysufudkNrifwmvm;
oltay:wufoGm;wm uGsefawmfNrifw,f
bmNzpfvJ..
olwpfa,mufwnf; r[kwfbl;
oleJYtwl&Sdaewm b,folvJ
igwpfvkH;ESpfvkH;yJpm;rdwmyg
aNymrSmomaNymprf;yg
olu aumifrav;wpfa,mufeJYtwl&SdcJhwm
ig&JawGukd tJh'DtaMumif;aNymNyvkdufw,f
'gayr,fh olwkdY&SmrawGYMubl;xifygw,f
cifAsm; tJh'Daumifrav;0ifoGm;wmukdNrifvkdufw,f
'gayr,fh NyefxGufvmwmNrifvdkufvm;
tckar;awmhrS owdxm;rdw,f..rawGYbl;
cifAsm;olYukdt&ifu 'Dywf0ef;usifrSmNrifzl;vm;
olYukdawmhrawGYzl;bl;
bmukdaNymwmvJ
aoNyD;wJholukdawmh rapmfum;csifygbl; 'gayr,fh
tJh'D vlYusifh0wfyk*d¾KvfMuD;u..
aumifrav;tawmfrsm;rsm; ac:vmcJhzl;w,f
tdrfomxufawmift0iftxGufrsm;ao;w,f
wpfck&Sdao;w,f
'Dtaqmifu av;xyfyJ&Sdwmr[kwfvm;
tif;
'gqkd tcef; 669 b,f&SdyghrvJ
b,f&SdrvJ bmvkdYar;wmvJ
odcsifvkdYyg
aus;Zl;yg
tD;trftufzfeJYaNc&mcHvkdYr&bl;
tcef; 669 qkdwJhudpöuvJ tvum;yJ
'Dawmh b,fvkdxifvJ ya&mfzufqmuyJ wrifckefcswmvm;
'@m&Dqkdwmu '@m&DygyJ
oeYf&Sif;a&;0efxrf;aNymoGm;wJh aumifrav;qkdwmu..
tJh'guawmh wpfrsdK;yJ
igwkdY 'DtaqmufttkH&JUorkdif;ukdawmh NyefMunfh&vdrhfr,f
'DrSm trsdK;orD;wpfa,mufa,muf ukd,fhukd,fukd owfaooGm;wm&Sdvm;vkdY
tif; [kwfw,f
a[haumif rif;ighuGefysLwmudkifao;vm;
[ifhtif; - atmf [kwfvm;
tck uGefysLwmu..
tm&StvSav;rsm; 0ufbfqkd'frSm&yfaew,f
'if;ef
ighypönf;awGrukdifyJ rif;aevkdYr&bl;vm;
rif; pdwfpGJa&m*gukd xdef;ygvm;
'gayr,fh rif;wkdYtaqmufttkHeJYywfoufNyD; bmxl;Ncm;wmawGYvJ
ukd,fhukd,fukdowfaocJhwmrsdK;
taqmufttkHu&Sif;w,f
'Dawmh o&JaNcmufwmr[kwfawmhbl;
rNzpfEkdifbl;
trSefwkdif;aNym&&if uGsefawmfwkdYvJ odyfraocsmcsifbl;
bmudk raocsmwmvJ
tif; wpfrsdK;yJav
bmudk wpfrsdK;vJ
aemufwpfykdif;rSm..uGsefawmfwkdYu
ukd,fwkdifNrifcJhwmawmh r[kwfbl; 'gayr,fh
tawmf xl;Ncm;wmawmhtrSefyJ uGsefawmfwkdYvkdvlawGtwGufawmif
N*dKvfom; - tif;
'DrSm olwkdYtrSefyJ&Sdaew,fqkd&ifawmif..
urÇmay:vmNyD; vlawGukdrqGJygbl;
[kwfygw,f uGsefawmfwkdYvJodw,f
igb0wpfavQmufvkH; N*dKvfom;awG Nyefay;qGJw,fqkdwm
bmtaxmuftxm;rSrawGYcJhzl;bl;
tm;vkH;u vkyfMuHzefwD;xm;wmawGcsnf;yJ
tif; uGsefawmfwkdYvJ 'DvkdyJxifcJhwmyJ
'gayr,fh tenf;qkH;awmh 'Daumifhudk oGm;pum;aNymvkdY&wmyJ
a[h rif; 'gprf;aomufMunfhoifhw,f
b,fvkdNzpfwmvJ um;wpfpf
cifAsm;,kHrSmr[kwfbl; b,folrSvJ r,kHygbl;
igwkdYukdaNymMunfhprf;ygOD;
'gukd owif;pmxJrSm rygapcsifbl;aemf
rSwfwrf;vJwifrxm;apcsifbl;
uGsefawmf..
bmrS odyfrrSwfrdbl;
tcsdefawGrodbl;
Ekd;vmwJhtcgrSm b,fa&mufaevJ uGsefawmfrodbl;
aemufbmNzpfvJ
olwkdY uGsefawmfhukdprf;oyfw,f
NyD;awmh...
olwkdY..
uGsefawmfhudk rk'def;usifhw,f
rk'def;usifhw,f
tif; [kwfw,f
wpfacgufNyD; wpfacguf wpfacgufNyD;wpfacguf
wpfacgufNyD;wpfacguf aemuf wpfacgufNyD;wpfacguf
tJh'gNyD;awmh aemufwpfacguf
tJh'gtqkd;qkH;awmifr[kwfbl;
'Dxufykdqkd;wm b,fvkd&SdOD;rvJ
N*dKvfom;awGu rif;udkrdef;rvdkqufqHoGm;wm
olwkdY..
uGsefawmfhukd..
Nznf;Nznf;av;u ckdif;w,f
rif;wkdY tykdawGavQmufaNymaeNyefNyD r[kwfvm;
[ifhtif; [ifhtif;
'gqkd tJh'Dausmif;om;aumif&l;aevkdYaerSmaygh
'gawmh raocsmbl;
igtxifuawmh 'if;ef
'g*suftif*sifwpfckaMumifhNzpf&wm
bmvJ yef;uefNym;ykHpH*suftif*sifvm;
wpfNcm; bmNzpfEkdifrSmvJ
bmvJ b,fodyghrvJ
twnfaNymaewmvm;..bmvJ - igrodbl;av
yxro&JaNcmufwm tckusawmh..'g
tcsdefukdufwpfckwnf;eJYwGuf&ifawmif
qufpyfrI&Sd&vdrhfr,f
a'goxGufaewJh0dOmOfeJY rk'def;aumif tD;wDMum;rSmvm;
b,fvkdqufpyfrIrsdK;NzpfEkdifrSmwJhvJ
'gayr,fh bmwwfEkdifrvJ qufNyD; pkHprf;&wmaygh
rif;eJY um;wpfpfqkdwJhaumifeJYu
wpfaqmifwnf;om;awG r[kwfvm;
ol bmNzpfoGm;vJ rif;Mum;w,faemf
tif; oluawmhN*dKvfom;vkdYaNymwmyJ 'gayr,fh bmyJNzpfNzpfuyg
'DrSm..
'DtaNctaeawGcufcJr,fqkdwm igodygw,f
'DavmufvJr[kwfygbl;
'gayr,fh..igrif;ukdaNymr,faemf
rif;twGuf ig&Sdw,f
odyf owÅd&SdwJh ppfom;av;
rif;emusifrIawG igoabmaygufygw,f
vmygOD;
rif;u urÇmMuD;twGuf wefzkd;&SdvGef;w,f
ig 'DvkdraNymygbl;
rif; tJh'Dvkd *ef'l;pum;awGtNrJaNymaeusyg
tif; 'guawmh..
aus;Zl;yg
zufay;wm aus;Zl;aemf 'gayr,fh uGsefawmf bmrSrNzpfbl;;
wu,fyg
trSefwkdif;aNym&&if
um;wpfpfNzpfoGm;wJhudpöu oleJYxkdufwefygw,f
bmaMumifhvJ
olu uGsefawmfwkdYtwef;rSL;
'Dausmif;ywfwpfckvkH; tawmf 'ku©ay;cJhwm
tJh'Dvkdvkyf&wmvJ aysmfaeykHyJ
tckawmh uGsefawmfwkdYb,fvkdcHpm;&vJ olodNyDaygh
&ygw,f
'gayr,fh vkH;0awmh t"dyÜg,fr&Sdao;bl;
aeOD; qufEG,frIwpfckawmh&Sdw,f
b,frSmvJ
om;aumifNzpfcJholawGMum;rSm
ya&mfzufqm a&m [kdausmif;om;a&m
ESpfa,mufvkH;pdwf"mwfraumif;bl;
tJh'g qufEG,frIvm;
'Dxufykdaumif;wm&Sd&if rif;aNymav
ighvufyfawmha&m
rodbl;
pOf;pm;ygOD;
rdef;rvkdufpm;wJhya&mfzufqmu o&JreJYawGYoGm;w,f
twef;rSL;wpfa,muf rk'def;usifhcH&w,f
ig'DrSmxm;cJhwm
rxm;cJhvkdYaygh
- 'DtNypfay;rIawGu uAsmqefw,fvkdYawmif aNymvkdY&w,f
[mouAsmqefwmayghav 'gayr,fh
&,f&wmawmhtrSefyJ
rif;b,frSmzGufxm;vJ
bmvJ rif;uGefysLwmvm; - at; rif;b,frSmzGufxm;vJ
igu rif;uGefysLwmukdbmvkdY,l&rSmvJ
wpfNcm;b,folrS r,lEkdifbl;av
igwkdY wHcg;udkaomhcwfxm;wm oefY&Sif;a&;awG0ifcGifhray;bl;
rif;aysmufoGm;NyDeJYwlw,f
a[haumif igrif;udktrsm;MuD;onf;cH cJh&wmaemf
bmawGaNymaewmvJ igeJYae&wm aysmfzkdYaumif;ygw,f
[kwfvm; uefxJrSmrif;&JUnpfywfwJhaNctdwfawG
a&cJaowÅmxJu rif;tpm;tpmawG
ightpm;tpmawGu bmNzpfvJ
tJh'gvlpmr[kwfawmhbl; 'if;ef arsmufpmawG
igrif;udkwpfckyJ awmif;qkdwm
ighypönf;awG,lrudkifygeJY
rif;NyD;NyDvm;
igrif;&JU tifygvmukd wpfckckvkyfvkduf&if rif; b,fvkdcHpm;&rvJ
tJh'g rif;aemufqkH;vkyf&wJhudpöNzpfoGm;r,f
rif; olYuGefysLwmukd,lvm;
,loifhwmaygh 'gayr,fh r,lbl;
uGsefawmfuawmh raysmufbl;
igbmypönf;rSraysmufwwfbl;
atmf [kwfygw,f rif;uNyD;NynfhpkHwJholMuD;yg
tkdau tkdau
aemufbmqufNzpfvJqkdwmyJ aNymMuygOD;
aemufxyf om;aumifwpfa,muf&Sdao;w,f
'gukdvJ uGsefawmfwkdYukd,fwkdifawGYcJhwmr[kwfbl;
oufaocHypönf;awGu wpfqifh qufpyf,l&wm
tJh'Dvlu okaooe odyÜHynm&Sif
wd&dpämefawGeJYprf;oyfw,f
tif; pdwf"mwfraumif;wJholyJ ykHpHxJawmh uGufwd0ifw,f
NrefawmhNrefrSmyg
tkdau
&GHzkdYaumif;vkdufwm
tif;
ykHyef;ysufaew,f
ightwGufawmh wpfa,mufa,muf tawmfqmaewJhykHyJ
olwkdY b,folqkdwm cGJNcm;odNyDvm;
tif; aumvdyfu odyÜHynm&SifwJh
ol&kH;cef;ub,frSmvkdYxifvJ
ua&mzkdY'faqmif ya&mfzufqmeJYtwlwlyJ
tJh'DrSm ausmif;om;aumifav; N*dKvfom;eJY awGYcJhwmyJ
tif;
ighukd,lay;prf;yg
aus;Zl;
tJh'gbmvJ
AkduftaMu;cGHeJY
wlovkdyJ
AkduftaMu;cGH b,futaMu;cGHvm;
tif;
rdausmif;
a&qkd;aNrmif;xJurdausmif;
bmvJ 'if;ef tJh'gemrnfMuD; ,kHwrf;ykHNyifwpfckyJav
uav;wpfa,muf rdausmif;aygufav;ukd tdrfomxJu a&qGJcsvkdufrdw,f
olu vIdPfacgif;awGxJ avQmufoGm;&if;MuD;vmw,f
'gayr,hf b,folrS&SmrawGYcJhzl;bl;av
tJh'gtrSefr[kwfygbl;
N*dKvfom;Nyefay;qGJwJhudpöaum
'gayr,fh wpfaumifaumifuawmh olYukdpm;oGm;wmyJ
xl;wmuawmh tawmfukdxl;aeNyD
igwkdYtultnDawmhvkdw,f abmfbDhukdac:&atmif
ol 'grsdK;wpfckckeJYMuKHzl;rSmaygh
tif; MuKHzl;rSmyg
MuKHzl;wwfwJh o&JaNcmufwJhausmif;aqmif
N*dKvfom;Nyefay;qGJrI a&qkd;aNrmif;xJ rdausmif;
tif; &Sif;&Sif;av;yJ
uGsefawmfwkdY a&qkd;aNrmif;xJ&SmzkdYqkH;Nzwfvkdufw,f
vlcGJw,f wpfa,mufukd ausmif;0if;xJu wpfaNrmif;pDaygh
bm&SmawGYvJ
uGsefawmf&SmawGYcJhw,f a&qkd;aNrmif;xJuawmhr[kwfbl;
qrf
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